Maker Pro
Maker Pro

automatic forward reverse motor with limit switch and relay

Crafts4Me

Feb 10, 2022
76
Joined
Feb 10, 2022
Messages
76
i am a serious hobbyist. i want to create construction scene with a crane about 18 inches tall, to lift a simulated load of brick,s rise till the top, hit a limit switch pause and reverse to the ground hit a ilmit switch and go back up.
i do not want any manual swiches involved. i need this to turn on and off with a time clock to run for about 6-8 hours at a time. i'd like to use a 12v small motor and 3A 12v plug wiring.
is this possible?
 

crutschow

May 7, 2021
839
Joined
May 7, 2021
Messages
839
Here's my take on doing that:

It uses two SPDT relays in a bridge configuration and connected as a FF latch.

In operation, one relay will always be ON and the other OFF, with alternating action.

To understand its operation, assume U2 is ON, U1 is OFF (12V on both sides of the U1 relay coil) and the motor is going up, with neither limit switch (U3 and U4) tripped (both closed).

When the Up Limit switch opens, U2 turns OFF. This grounds the (-) input of U1 and turns it ON, reversing the motor.
As soon as the Up Limit switch closes again after the motor moves, 12V is applied to U2's coil, which keeps it OFF.
This continues until the Down Limit switch opens and the cycle repeats.

R1-C1 is to set U1 ON when power is applied otherwise it could possibly oscillate without settling into one state.

upload_2022-2-10_14-2-55.png
 

Bluejets

Oct 5, 2014
6,901
Joined
Oct 5, 2014
Messages
6,901
Yes, but the size of the power supply will depend on the load requirement.
If you don't want any mechanical switches for the limits, you can use optical slot sensors.
Possible to do with relays or microcontroller, the latter would remove the need for a separate timer.
 

Kabelsalat

Jul 5, 2011
182
Joined
Jul 5, 2011
Messages
182
It's very possible. You should getting to know how to set up relay logic, latter diagrams.
e.g.



 

Bluejets

Oct 5, 2014
6,901
Joined
Oct 5, 2014
Messages
6,901
I'm curious just where the negative of the 12v is supposed to go.
Drawing error??
If it's the little down arrows then one had better hope the relays are break-before-make type.
 
Last edited:

Tha fios agaibh

Aug 11, 2014
2,252
Joined
Aug 11, 2014
Messages
2,252
I'm curious just where the negative of the 12v is supposed to go.
Drawing error??
If it's the little down arrows then one had better hope the relays are break-before-make type.
Yes, the 5 little down arrows.
Why? I see no issues with it.

The only thing I see left out is a delay timer the op wanted.
 

crutschow

May 7, 2021
839
Joined
May 7, 2021
Messages
839
I'm curious just where the negative of the 12v is supposed to go.
Drawing error??
If it's the little down arrows then one had better hope the relays are break-before-make type.
No error.
Yes, the "little down arrows" are standard schematic common/ground symbols, which is the negative connection for the 12V supply.

Virtually all mechanical relays are break-before-make due to the way the contact mechanism works.
There is a movable contact (the wiper) which moves between two fixed contacts, so it can't make contact with both at the same time.
 
Last edited:

crutschow

May 7, 2021
839
Joined
May 7, 2021
Messages
839
The only thing I see left out is a delay timer the op wanted.
I assumed that would be a standard plug-in timer operating from the mains to power the supply.
I see no reason to do anything custom.
 
Last edited:

Tha fios agaibh

Aug 11, 2014
2,252
Joined
Aug 11, 2014
Messages
2,252
.... rise till the top, hit a limit switch pause and reverse to the ground....

An on delay timer consisting or a transistor, a few resistors and a cap could easily be added to accomplish the requested pause.

Nice circuit Crutschow.
 

Bluejets

Oct 5, 2014
6,901
Joined
Oct 5, 2014
Messages
6,901
One of the side effects of using hardware only, change something, major works revamp.
Microcontroller, add a software change.
 

Crafts4Me

Feb 10, 2022
76
Joined
Feb 10, 2022
Messages
76
i am more lost then before. i know a few words to explain what i am looking for. please explain in "baby language" what do i need to do
the picture looks good but i dont understand fully understand what is D or U or R or C
i want my magnetic train (magnorail) to use a reed switch to activate your diagram to have my crane go up and down
i do not want an arduino
12v plug
 

crutschow

May 7, 2021
839
Joined
May 7, 2021
Messages
839
i dont understand fully understand what is D or U or R or C
D - Diode/Rectifier
U - Label for an active component (here the relays and limit switches)
R - Resistor
C - Capacitor

If you don't know what those components are, then look up their description.
 

CircutScoper

Mar 29, 2022
300
Joined
Mar 29, 2022
Messages
300
Here's my take on doing that:

It uses two SPDT relays in a bridge configuration and connected as a FF latch.

In operation, one relay will always be ON and the other OFF, with alternating action.

To understand its operation, assume U2 is ON, U1 is OFF (12V on both sides of the U1 relay coil) and the motor is going up, with neither limit switch (U3 and U4) tripped (both closed).

When the Up Limit switch opens, U2 turns OFF. This grounds the (-) input of U1 and turns it ON, reversing the motor.
As soon as the Up Limit switch closes again after the motor moves, 12V is applied to U2's coil, which keeps it OFF.
This continues until the Down Limit switch opens and the cycle repeats.

R1-C1 is to set U1 ON when power is applied otherwise it could possibly oscillate without settling into one state.

View attachment 54202
A somewhat simpler solution from another thread.

https://www.electronicspoint.com/fo...-from-mouse-switch.293361/page-2#post-1829782
 

Mouthpear

Jul 20, 2020
54
Joined
Jul 20, 2020
Messages
54
i am a serious hobbyist. i want to create construction scene with a crane about 18 inches tall, to lift a simulated load of brick,s rise till the top, hit a limit switch pause and reverse to the ground hit a ilmit switch and go back up.
i do not want any manual swiches involved. i need this to turn on and off with a time clock to run for about 6-8 hours at a time. i'd like to use a 12v small motor and 3A 12v plug wiring.
is this possible?
All you really need is this DC/AC Motor Reversible controller Module Timing Delay Cycle Limit Relay as seen in my video here.

However I am a bit confused when you say "i do not want any manual swiches involved". Do you mean you don't want those micro switches (red and black most often) uses this sort of thing, and want to use proximity sensors?

Either way I would suggest that you use thin stranded wire (this will be your common signal wire)(I suggest a long fishing Leader) as the cable of the crane and when it reaches the top, the hook (or knot just before the hook) connects with the jib of the crane (where one of two signal wires from controller is) and the load is lowered. Just before it hits the ground another knot connects with the jib (where the other one of two signal wires from controller is), and then the cycle repeats.

Hope you can follow.
 

roughshawd

Jul 13, 2020
465
Joined
Jul 13, 2020
Messages
465
If you want realism and a nice activity you could hire little electronics fairys to operate actual scale models of the equipment you are simulating. But if you just want a simple model, lose the physics and build a VR monitor with 3D glasses that your visitors can put on to enhance the otherwise blurry and hard to see screen.
 

roughshawd

Jul 13, 2020
465
Joined
Jul 13, 2020
Messages
465
Here's my take on doing that:

It uses two SPDT relays in a bridge configuration and connected as a FF latch.

In operation, one relay will always be ON and the other OFF, with alternating action.

To understand its operation, assume U2 is ON, U1 is OFF (12V on both sides of the U1 relay coil) and the motor is going up, with neither limit switch (U3 and U4) tripped (both closed).

When the Up Limit switch opens, U2 turns OFF. This grounds the (-) input of U1 and turns it ON, reversing the motor.
As soon as the Up Limit switch closes again after the motor moves, 12V is applied to U2's coil, which keeps it OFF.
This continues until the Down Limit switch opens and the cycle repeats.

R1-C1 is to set U1 ON when power is applied otherwise it could possibly oscillate without settling into one state.

View attachment 54202
This is an incredible invention and I am proud to call you an associate on this board, freind. remember, you always want the motor to turn in one direction, and that power cannot travel down two different paths of resistance, only the one of least resistance.
 

Attachments

  • motorworks.jpg
    motorworks.jpg
    46.5 KB · Views: 8

Mouthpear

Jul 20, 2020
54
Joined
Jul 20, 2020
Messages
54
This is an incredible invention and I am proud to call you an associate on this board, freind. remember, you always want the motor to turn in one direction, and that power cannot travel down two different paths of resistance, only the one of least resistance.
But why do all that when all you need is a latching relay made with a TPDT relay or 3 SPDT relays or 1 DPDT relay & diode or 1 DPDT relay or 1 SPDT relay.

I will show the simplest one. The Triple Pole Double Throw relay. This is the socket top view with limit switches. If all you need is for it to "bounce" back and forth this really all you need. No need to make a convoluted circuit.

ScreenHunter 0126 2022-10-05 00.20.jpg

I also reiterate, that the motor control module I specified, in my first comment, is the way to go. It can do everything the OP requires. Set time and a pause in-between.
 
Top