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Reverse battery protection Diode

Akshatha Venkatesh

Jan 14, 2017
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Hi , I have an application circuit in which the Schottky diode is connected as below to a LDO and is used for reverse battery protection. How is the diode reverse biased when reverse battery is applied taking LDO into account , can anyone please explain .thank you.
 

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dorke

Jun 20, 2015
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An LDO is a 3 terminal creature,you left out the GND terminal,added in blue.
Green -forward bias.
Red -reverse bias.

Kapish?

IMG_20171127_160448812.jpg
 

Akshatha Venkatesh

Jan 14, 2017
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Try to replace the LDO (diode cathode to GND) with a resistor.
Can you now understand ?
No , when the battery is reversed in the circuit , the anode of the diode is connected to ground , but what happens to the cathode of the diode , the cathode of the diode is connected to the LDO.
 

AnalogKid

Jun 10, 2015
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, when the battery is reversed in the circuit , the anode of the diode is connected to ground
No, it isn't.

When the battery is reversed, the battery positive terminal is connected to the circuit ground, and the battery negative terminal is connected to the diode anode. That is what "reversed" means.

The circuit ground is defined by the nature of the circuit elements, not by any particular battery terminal. In your circuit, the regulator GND pin defines the circuit reference potential.

ak
 

Akshatha Venkatesh

Jan 14, 2017
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No, it isn't.

When the battery is reversed, the battery positive terminal is connected to the circuit ground, and the battery negative terminal is connected to the diode anode. That is what "reversed" means.

The circuit ground is defined by the nature of the circuit elements, not by any particular battery terminal. In your circuit, the regulator GND pin defines the circuit reference potential.

ak
Okay, so when the battery is reversed the battery negative is connected to the diode anode , what is connected to the diode cathode ?
 

AnalogKid

Jun 10, 2015
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The diode cathode is connected to the LDO input, exactly as before. When you reverse the input voltage, only those two connections are changed. Everything else is unchanged.

Also, there should be decoupling capacitors from the LDO input to its GND pin. The LDO datasheet will have recommendations.

ak
 

dorke

Jun 20, 2015
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Let;s try it step by step.

Can you explain,to yourself and to us,
the forward/reverse of the diode in the circuit below?
show us.

@AnalogKid ,chewing the food for the OP doesn't really help him,it takes self work and understanding ;)

d.JPG





.
 

Akshatha Venkatesh

Jan 14, 2017
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The diode cathode is connected to the LDO input, exactly as before. When you reverse the input voltage, only those two connections are changed. Everything else is unchanged.

Also, there should be decoupling capacitors from the LDO input to its GND pin. The LDO datasheet will have recommendations.

ak
So when the diode cathode is connected to the LDO input , how is it reverse biased ?
 

Akshatha Venkatesh

Jan 14, 2017
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Let;s try it step by step.

Can you explain,to yourself and to us,
the forward/reverse of the diode in the circuit below?
show us.

@AnalogKid ,chewing the food for the OP doesn't really help him,it takes self work and understanding ;)

View attachment 37676





.
Let;s try it step by step.

Can you explain,to yourself and to us,
the forward/reverse of the diode in the circuit below?
show us.

@AnalogKid ,chewing the food for the OP doesn't really help him,it takes self work and understanding ;)

View attachment 37676





.
When the battery is reversed , the diode is reverse biased , but when the LDO comes into picture , how is the diode reverse biased when the battery is reversed ?
 

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dorke

Jun 20, 2015
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I shell try to explain in the simplest way possible(In steps):

Forget about the LDO for now,lets look at the resistor case only.

For the diode to be conducting(forward biassed or ON),
lets assume a minimum voltage of Von(about 0.5V) is needed.

Thus the voltage at the Anode should be greater than the voltage at the Cathode by Von to produce a forward ON current.
.
Va - Vk.>Von..

Looking at the diagram I have put a constantly variable power supply instead of the battery.

Can you answer the flowing questions:
1. What is the diode's current at 10V power supply voltage ,is it ON?
2. What is the diode's current at 1V power supply voltage ,is it ON?
3. What is the minimum power supply voltage for the diode to be ON(forward biased) and what is it's current at that point?

d.JPG
 

Akshatha Venkatesh

Jan 14, 2017
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I shell try to explain in the simplest way possible(In steps):

Forget about the LDO for now,lets look at the resistor case only.

For the diode to be conducting(forward biassed or ON),
lets assume a minimum voltage of Von(about 0.5V) is needed.

Thus the voltage at the Anode should be greater than the voltage at the Cathode by Von to produce a forward ON current.
.
Va - Vk.>Von..

Looking at the diagram I have put a constantly variable power supply instead of the battery.

Can you answer the flowing questions:
1. What is the diode's current at 10V power supply voltage ,is it ON?
2. What is the diode's current at 1V power supply voltage ,is it ON?
3. What is the minimum power supply voltage for the diode to be ON(forward biased) and what is it's current at that point?

View attachment 37690
1)At 10V, the diode will be on , the current will be 9.5mA.
2) At 1V, the diode will be on , the current will be 0.5mA.
3)The minimum voltage should be 0.6V to turn the diode on and the current will be 0.1mA.
 

dorke

Jun 20, 2015
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Well,
number 3 should be a bit above 0.5V,but basically it's o.k.

Now,it is clear that if the power supply voltage is below(or equal) to 0.5 volts the diode is not conducting,
it is Off and practically "reversed biased".
Obviously if the power supply voltage is lowered further to 0V or below to negative values (same as reversing the battery polarity) the diode is OFF.

Now replace the resistor with an LDO.
It is basically the same thing only that the LDO is not a fixed value resistor but from the diodes point of view it is the same thing.
Agree?

d.JPG
 
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