Maker Pro
Maker Pro

using pseudo bipolar ADC

B

bluerabbit97

Jan 1, 1970
0
I've some questions with regards to pseudo bipolar ADC

I found a thread in this forum explaining what is pseudo bipolar
http://electro4um.com/post-122095.htm
but is still very confused

I'm using a sensor which +/-5v and I have to digitize the output fo
some calculation using a pseudo bipolar ADC

Can I directly connect the output signal to the input of the ADC
Would then the ADC function properly when it is outputting -v
voltage

Thanks to all in advanc
 
bluerabbit97 said:
I've some questions with regards to pseudo bipolar ADC.

I found a thread in this forum explaining what is pseudo bipolar:
http://electro4um.com/post-122095.html
but is still very confused.

I'm using a sensor which +/-5v and I have to digitize the output for
some calculation using a pseudo bipolar ADC.

Can I directly connect the output signal to the input of the ADC?
Would then the ADC function properly when it is outputting -ve
voltage?

Thanks to all in advance

It would be more helpful to name the chip and the task at hand. John
Larkin gave a pretty clear explanation of how pseudo bipolar works. An
opamp doing some gain and offset on the signal should get you squared
away.

GG
 
C

Chris

Jan 1, 1970
0
bluerabbit97 said:
I've some questions with regards to pseudo bipolar ADC.

I found a thread in this forum explaining what is pseudo bipolar:
http://electro4um.com/post-122095.html
but is still very confused.

I'm using a sensor which +/-5v and I have to digitize the output for
some calculation using a pseudo bipolar ADC.

Can I directly connect the output signal to the input of the ADC?
Would then the ADC function properly when it is outputting -ve
voltage?

Thanks to all in advance

Hi, Blue. Mr. Larkin explained it pretty clearly.

A "pseudo-bipolar" or differential input ADC means one which accepts
two signals, and gives a digital output which is the difference between
them. This is actually a two input ADC, with capability to digitally
subtract. That's all.

Since your ADC is almost certainly single supply, each input can only
extend from the power supply rail (or your voltage reference) to GND.
Going below the negative of the single supply is against the rules, and
will smoke the IC.

You can get an ADC reading from a +5V to -5V signal using a voltage
divider, again as Mr. Larkin suggested (view in fixed font or M$
Notepad):

|
| 1K 1%
| ___
| >-|___|-o------>
| Sig. In | To ADC
| (+5V/-5V) .-. (+5V/0V)
| | |
| 1K 1% | |
| '-'
| |
| o
| +5V
|
(created by AACircuit v1.28.6 beta 04/19/05 www.tech-chat.de)

With the voltage divider, you don't need a differential input ADC at
all. One input will do the job.

If you have further questions, please include more information about
your application, and be sure to include which ADC you're using. It's
easier to help if both sides know.

Good luck
Chris
 
B

bluerabbit97

Jan 1, 1970
0
Thanks GG & Chris for replying. Sorry for not including th
details. I've not work with ADC before so I'm confused

I'm currently using ADS1217 ADC by TI and a gyro sensor
The gyro sensor outputs a maximum of -5v to +5v, through a singl
signal line, depending on the rotating direction

I'm using the gyro in a slow angular rotation application so I expec
a max output of around +/-2.5v

I've read the ADC datasheet and it states that the "Analog Inpu
Voltage" accepts voltage between AGND+/- and AVdd+/-

Does that means I can't directly connect the gyro output to the AD
input

Thank
Blu
 
C

Chris

Jan 1, 1970
0
bluerabbit97 said:
Thanks GG & Chris for replying. Sorry for not including the
details. I've not work with ADC before so I'm confused.

I'm currently using ADS1217 ADC by TI and a gyro sensor.
The gyro sensor outputs a maximum of -5v to +5v, through a single
signal line, depending on the rotating direction.

I'm using the gyro in a slow angular rotation application so I expect
a max output of around +/-2.5v.

I've read the ADC datasheet and it states that the "Analog Input
Voltage" accepts voltage between AGND+/- and AVdd+/-.

Does that means I can't directly connect the gyro output to the ADC
input?

Thanks
Blue

Hi, Blue. First off, I guess I should say I've never used the
delta-sigma ADC you've specified (although I've used others), and the
comments below are based on perusal of the data sheet. Take with a
grain of salt -- trust, but verify.

The ADS1217 is a single supply (analog) and single supply (digital)
ADC. Assuming you're using a 5V supply for AVdd, the electrical
characteristics on p.2 basically say you can't have any of the input
voltages exceed AVdd or go below AGND. Actually, with the buffer ON,
you can't go below 0.05V or above 3.5V. Of course, that means you
can't directly tie your sensor output to the ADC input -- you'll smoke
the IC.

Actually, unless you've got other really good reasons for using this
chip, it doesn't seem to be the best choice for your application.

There are ways of making this work, though. The whole thing is really
based on having 0V to 2.5V input signals, or less if you're using the
programmable gain array. You might want to use the 2.5V reference
voltage from the ADS1217 and an external single supply precision op amp
to do some level shifting and get your +/-5V signal to do 1.25V
+/-1.25V (ADC input range 0-2.5V), as mentioned in another post.

If you could take the time, you might want to describe more about your
application -- i.e.:

* Are you going to be gathering data at 60Hz (or 50Hz, whatever your
local line frequency is)?

* Do you REALLY need 22 bits (or 19 bits) of effective resolution?

* Is a 0.00000V output from your gyro significant?

ADCs are fun, but just having a high-resolution delta-sigma ADC by
itself doesn't solve all your problems. In fact, it can frequently
create more (voice of experience).

You also might want to try cross-posting at s.e.d -- for sure someone
there has used the IC.

Good luck
Chris
 
B

bluerabbit97

Jan 1, 1970
0
Hi Chris, I'm currently doing a school project and I need the gyro fo
vehicle navigation, in total there will be 3 gyro, one for each axis
therefore I need a high resolution ADC

As for the sampling rate, it is about 5~10Hz sampling rate
Output voltage would be in mV significant, 0.000V significant
You might want to use the 2.5V reference voltage from the ADS121
and an external single supply precision op amp to do some leve
shifting and get your +/-5V signal to do 1.25V +/-1.25V (ADC inpu
range 0-2.5V), as mentioned in another post
I've thought about it but I'm not sure if I got it correct, pleas
correct me. Thanks.

*The gyro output would be fed into 2 unity gain op-amp, one invertin
and the other non-inverting

*For both op-amp, the -ve supply voltage is connected to 0V (Gnd)

*For the non-inverting op-amp, the output op-amp voltage should follo
the +ve gyro output voltage. It will clipped the -ve gyro outpu
voltage to 0V. This non-inverting op-amp output will then be fed int
the Vin(+) of the differential ADC

*For the inverting op-amp, it is the same case except it will inver
the -ve gyro output voltage to be +ve. This inverting op-amp outpu
voltage will be fed into the Vin(-) of the ADC

Actually I've tried out another ADC, AD7738. This ADC's input ca
accept +/-2.5V but I can't get any response from it after connectin
up the recommended circuit provided in its datasheet. I'm usin
dsPIC30F6014 as the microcontroller and using SPI to communicate wit
it

Thank
Blu
 
C

Chris

Jan 1, 1970
0
bluerabbit97 said:
Hi Chris, I'm currently doing a school project and I need the gyro for
vehicle navigation, in total there will be 3 gyro, one for each axis,
therefore I need a high resolution ADC.

As for the sampling rate, it is about 5~10Hz sampling rate.
Output voltage would be in mV significant, 0.000V significant.

and an external single supply precision op amp to do some level
shifting and get your +/-5V signal to do 1.25V +/-1.25V (ADC input
range 0-2.5V), as mentioned in another post.

I've thought about it but I'm not sure if I got it correct, please
correct me. Thanks.:

*The gyro output would be fed into 2 unity gain op-amp, one inverting
and the other non-inverting.

*For both op-amp, the -ve supply voltage is connected to 0V (Gnd).

*For the non-inverting op-amp, the output op-amp voltage should follow
the +ve gyro output voltage. It will clipped the -ve gyro output
voltage to 0V. This non-inverting op-amp output will then be fed into
the Vin(+) of the differential ADC.

*For the inverting op-amp, it is the same case except it will invert
the -ve gyro output voltage to be +ve. This inverting op-amp output
voltage will be fed into the Vin(-) of the ADC.


Actually I've tried out another ADC, AD7738. This ADC's input can
accept +/-2.5V but I can't get any response from it after connecting
up the recommended circuit provided in its datasheet. I'm using
dsPIC30F6014 as the microcontroller and using SPI to communicate with
it.

Thanks
Blue

OK, Blue. This might be fun. A couple of questions first:

* College or trade school, and is this the senior project?

* How long do you have until it's due?

* Could you provide the make&model of the gyros?

Good luck
Chris
 
B

bluerabbit97

Jan 1, 1970
0
Hi Chris,
* College or trade school, and is this the senior project?

I'm in university doing Final Year Project.
* How long do you have until it's due?

This ADC is just a side track that is needed for the whole project. I
wish to complete in a month's time.
* Could you provide the make&model of the gyros?

Currently I'm not given the make model of the gyro, just an insight
that it will provide a max of +/-5v. I was told to get the ADC tested
using a sine-wave generator.

Thanks
Blue
 
C

Chris

Jan 1, 1970
0
bluerabbit97 said:
Hi Chris,


I'm in university doing Final Year Project.


This ADC is just a side track that is needed for the whole project. I
wish to complete in a month's time.


Currently I'm not given the make model of the gyro, just an insight
that it will provide a max of +/-5v. I was told to get the ADC tested
using a sine-wave generator.

Thanks
Blue

Hi, Blue. Here's something that might get you started, if you have to
use the single supply ADC.

Let's assume gyro zero is significant, but you have to get pretty much
a full scale range from -5V to 5V, with inputs pretty much limited to
-2.5V to +2.5V. You can start with the idea above of using a voltage
divider to level shift, and work from there.

Without further information, we'll have to assume your gyro output
center is actuually at 0.000V, rather than (Vcc + Vee) / 2. Find this
out -- it's critically important, and you'll have to change your plan
if it isn't.

I'm going to also make the assumption that you've got other analog
voltages available to power things, like, say, a +/-12V for the gyro.

Doing the problem this way, you'll have to start out with a good quad
op amp with low voltage offset and drift (U1). Choice of op amp is
dependent on your power supplies, and what you have available now.

You'll need a reliable +5V reference, and there are a number to choose
from. But you've already got a 2.5V reference on chip, and you can use
the op amp to make that 5V, like this (view in fixed font or M$
Notepad):

|
| 2.5V |\|
| o------|+\ 5.00V
| | >--o---o
| .--|-/ |
| | |/| .-.
| | | | 10K 0.1%
| |1/4 U1 | |
| | '-'
| | |
| '--------o
| |
| .-.
| | |10K 0.1%
| | |
| '-'
| |
| ===
| GND
|
(created by AACircuit v1.28.6 beta 04/19/05 www.tech-chat.de)

In this setup, the important thing is stability of the voltage
reference, not precision.

Now, look for analog switch IC (U2) that will switch bipolar voltages
with a logic level control signal from your uC. High OFF resistance is
more important than low ON resistance. Choose the one that works for
you based on availability. Remember that pinouts for these ICs are
somewhat standardized, so you can always drop something in and order an
upgrade.

You'll need time for the rest of the show -- try to get something up
and running from a hardware standpoint as soon as possible, so you can
start learning what else you need.

By obtaining these components, you can set up a unipolar signal input
of 0 to +2.5V with center or zero at 1.25V, and typical signal riding
from 0.625V to 1.875V and a uC-controlled autozero calibration like
this:

|
| .-----.
| | | 20K 0.1% X 2
| Gyro |1/4U2| ___ ___ 5.Vref
| o------------o o---o---|___|-o-|___|----o
| -5V/5V | | | |
| | | | |
| '--o--' | |
| | | | 1/4U1
| |\ | | |
| .-----| >O--' | | |\| 20K 0.1% X 2
| | |/ | '---|+\ ___
| | | | >---o-|___|-o----o
| | | .---|-/ | | To ADC
| | .-----. | | |/| | .-.
| | | | | | | | |
| | |1/4U2| | | | | |
| | .----o o---' '----------o '-'
| | | | | |
| | | | | ===
| | === '--o--' GND
| | GND | U1 = Quad low offset low drift op amp
| CAL | | U2 = Quad analog switch
| o---o-----------'
|
|
(created by AACircuit v1.28.6 beta 04/19/05 www.tech-chat.de)

This should give you a good start -- one of these for each of your 3
axes. Since your ADC is faster than your data requirements, you can
occasionally switch CAL on, and do an autozero cycle to be able to
cancel out offset and drift. One quad op amp IC, two quad analog
switch ICs, a handful of precision resistors in easily obtained values,
and you're done.

The devil, as always, is in the details on this. To get a realistic
precision of 1 or 2mV, you'll have to be particularly careful with
ground paths. Ask your adviser for other suggestions on this. Take
the time to read Analog Devices AN-345, AN-404 and the venerable
AN-202, "An IC Amplifier User's Guide to Decoupling, Grounding,
and Making Things Go Right for a Change" By Paul Brokaw.

Good luck, and feel free to post again if you run into problems or if
the assumptions about the gyro are incorrect. Hurry early.

Good luck
Chris
 
B

bluerabbit97

Jan 1, 1970
0
Hi Chris

Thanks for your advice. I hope to get it work soon. Will post here i
I do

Thank
Blu
 
Top