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Digital Space Noise Detector

jamesadrian

Apr 4, 2023
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Thank you for that response. There are statistical tests that can be performed to determine if a large sequence of "random" numbers meets some definition of randomness (there are several definitions currently in use). So, if you want to build and market a commercial device, you need to determine which statistical test will satisfy your potential customers. That it turn will help define how you create a set of working "random" numbers you can write into a flash memory.

Many things, other than noise from outer space, generate random events. One characteristic of true random noise is it exhibits a flat frequency spectrum from zero to infinity, which our ears interpret as "white noise." Of course our ears are limited in frequency response, so the white noise you think you hear is actually not. If you use real components, the frequency spectrum will be truncated, and the frequency spectrum low and high end-points will be "rounded off" as a characteristic of the device generating "random" numbers.

There are many electronic devices that exhibit randomness. Ordinary resistors, operating at temperatures greater than absolute zero, create Johnson noise because of the thermal motion of charge carriers (electrons). Perhaps you can use a resistor as a noise source to generate random numbers.

Getting noise signals from space, uncorrupted by man-made signals from satellites in Earth orbit, is difficult and getting worse. There is a lot of stuff up there generating RF signals. You need to build a radio-telescope antenna with a very narrow beam width (large dish) and point it at a "quiet" portion of the sky. Or perhaps use our sun as your noise source. Radio astronomers go to great lengths to remove noise from the signals they study. It is not unheard of to cool the low-noise amplifier, mounted at the antenna feed, either with a cryogenic liquid (nitrogen) or with a Peltier heat pump. Operating in a cold climate would help too.

hevans1944,​

Thank you for this very valuable information. I now suspect that space noise may not be the best way to serve the customer.

I am still interested in learning the best way to make a non-linear amplifier. Some say that some transistors are non-linear and measures are usually taken to reduce this non-linearity in the ultimate output. I wonder if heating up a single transistor to do the amplifying would do the job. Does heat increase the non-linearity of transistors?

James Adrian
 

Sunnysky

Jul 15, 2016
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Danadak,

No known algorithm is truly random. The noise from the Sun, for instance, is truly random. It can be used in scientific experiments without objection.

James Adrian
No it is not truly random. Over sufficiently long periods, there are repeating cycles. 7 , 11 , ~10ky etc

Even the Mayan Calendar shows these longer periods between major events that are linked to celestial magneto wobbles of rotational , orbital and inertial frequencies of planets. Have you heard of the Carrington Effect?

Ultimately this plan is not feasible as there are many simpler methods with sufficient TBD entropy.
 
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jamesadrian

Apr 4, 2023
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I admit that the sun is not a true random source. Thank you all for that information.

I still want to know if a bipolar or mosfet transistor is non-linear enough to produce sum and difference frequencies when it amplifies two sources together. Can a single transistor be a mixer?

James Adrian
 

Sunnysky

Jul 15, 2016
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A good frequency mixer outputs only the sum + difference and is called a linear multiplier. This takes a lot more parts.
A single non-linear transistor can mix with quadratic effects but linear out also feeds thru.

Falstad simulator has a "Wilson multiplier" design under transistors.
 

AnalogKid

Jun 10, 2015
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Can a single transistor be a mixer?

Yes. Driving the base with one signal and the emitter with another will produce mixing action at the collector.

Heterodyning that didn't suck has been around since 1918. One-tube versions appeared in the 20's, and one-transistor versions in the 50's. Here it is in a typical 6-transistor radio, as the Q1 circuit.

1681330510731.png
 

Sunnysky

Jul 15, 2016
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Yes this clever Japanese design improved over the American initial design with a combined Local Oscillator (1~2MHz) and Mixer in Q1.
1681340997036.png
 

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