Sir Nonsheep . . . .
It is an on-board battery.
Not sure of its chemical makeup nor its output voltage being 1.2 or 3V with the latter being MOST likely.
Why not take ohmmeter in hand, set to its lowest ohms scale and probe the corner hex brass spacers , at the gold flashed pad between them and measure over to the top case of the 24Mhz clock oscillator module, confirming an expected direct short, and then move one probe off and over to the modules top cover and then use the other probe to probe to the two battery connector tabs to the PCB.
See which is grounded and thereby being your negative terminal and then unsolder and remove the old battery and initially use an AA or AAA cell to use as a battery source, flying wire connected, and then see if any operational results .
AND THEN ! up the battery voltage, to being 2 series cells and NOW the MORE LIKELY possibility of some favorable results.
OR the horrible possibility that this powered a volatile memory and is now dependent upon being rebooted for operationality . . . .
however, usually, most critical programming is being on permanent RAM and incorruptible, with this cell being related to trickle powering temporary memory storage . . .you hope.
Usually these cells are feed by an isolation diode and voltage dropping / current limiting resistor from a 5V on board supply to supplementary trickle charge them.
Then, usually the memory can still work solely with this trickle level voltage . . . . . . . . UNTIL . . . . . turnoff where all info is lost.
Eventually atrophy and internal cell leakage resistance constantly pulls that meager supply down below a working threshold.
Notice the present cells external case and its present debasement down to "THE GREEN GLOOOOMPHS ! "
73's de Edd . . . . .
I'm maddern' hell . . . .
STOP! . . . . . killing our ducks . . . . . to make duck tape!
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